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1.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 39(2): 196-208, 20240220. tab, fig
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1532575

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La deuda económica durante la residencia en cirugía general puede afectar el desempeño profesional, las decisiones de vida y el bienestar psicológico. La información disponible en Colombia es limitada. El objetivo de este estudio fue cuantificar la deuda económica del residente de cirugía general, identificar los factores asociados y evaluar su efecto en el bienestar psicológico. Métodos. Estudio de corte transversal analítico. Se invitó a 380 residentes a diligenciar una encuesta sobre los aspectos relacionados con su deuda económica y se utilizó el WHO-index para evaluar su bienestar psicológico. Resultados. Un total de 259 residentes participaron en el estudio (67,6 %). El 56 % posee una deuda económica promedio de COP $88.000.000 ((US$21.826)). Un alto nivel de endeudamiento se relacionó con el año de residencia, el tipo de institución (privada) y la solicitud de préstamos. Se identificó algún trastorno mental en 14,7 % y un bajo nivel de bienestar psicológico en 56,4 % de los participantes. No se identificó ninguna asociación entre una elevada deuda económica y el bajo bienestar psicológico. Conclusiones. La deuda económica tiene un efecto sobre los residentes. El endeudamiento de los residentes de cirugía en Colombia es altamente prevalente, y no se correlaciona con un pobre bienestar psicológico. La autodeterminación favorece el bienestar psicológico en el posgrado en cirugía general. Existe la necesidad de educación financiera en los residentes. Se requieren nuevos estudios que evalúen las causas del pobre bienestar psicológico.


Introduction. Financial debt during surgery residency can affect professional performance, life decisions, and psychological well-being. The information available in Colombia is limited. The objective of this study is to quantify the financial debt of the general surgery resident, identify the associated factors and evaluate their effect on psychological well-being. Methods. A cross-sectional study was carried out. A total of 380 residents were invited to complete a survey on aspects related to their financial debt, and the WHO-index to evaluate their psychological well-being. Results. A total of 259 residents participated in the study (67.6%). 56% have an average economic debt of $88,000,000 COP (US$21,826). High debt was related to level of residence, type of institution (private), and loan application. Some mental disorder was identified in 14.7% and a low level of psychological well-being in 56.4% of the participants. No association was identified between high financial debt and low psychological well-being. Conclusions. Economic debt has an effect on residents. Financial debt among surgical residents in Colombia is highly prevalent; however, it does not correlate with poor psychological well-being. Self-determination favors psychological well-being in the postgraduate course in general surgery. Likewise, the need for financial education in residents is imminent. New studies are required that thoroughly evaluate the causes of poor well-being.


Subject(s)
Humans , General Surgery , Economics , Psychological Well-Being , Training Support , Education, Medical, Graduate
2.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 39(2): 209-217, 20240220. tab, fig
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1532576

ABSTRACT

Introducción. Los cuidados paliativos responden al sufrimiento de pacientes terminales y requieren personal entrenado para la intervención. Forman parte de la actividad en cirugía, sin embargo, no encontramos información sobre la educación de postgrado en cirugía en Colombia. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el nivel de conocimientos en cuidados paliativos, la calidad de la formación y las estrategias pedagógicas en los residentes. Métodos. Estudio observacional con recolección de la información autodiligenciada por medio electrónico. Resultados. Participaron 228 residentes, 7,8 % mencionaron asistir a rotación en cuidado paliativo y 66,6 % tener contacto con especialistas en cuidados paliativos. El 30,7 % no identificó una estrategia pedagógica clara. El 29,3 % tuvo alto nivel de conocimiento y 21,1 % adecuada calidad de formación. El 83,8 % tuvo un alto nivel en el manejo de obstrucción intestinal. No hubo asociación entre el nivel de conocimiento y las variables evaluadas (p>0,05). Conclusiones. Ni el aprendizaje recibido, ni el año de entrenamiento tuvieron efecto en el nivel percibido de conocimiento. Las competencias en cuidados paliativos, sus métodos y la calidad del aprendizaje son deficientes a nivel de postgrado en cirugía en Colombia. Probablemente está en un currículo oculto. Es necesario implementar estrategias pedagógicas en los currículos de estudios de los programas de formación de cirujanos.


Introduction. Palliative care responds to the suffering of terminal patients and requires trained personnel for intervention. They are part of the activity in surgery; however, we did not find information about postgraduate education in surgery in Colombia. The objective of this study was to evaluate the level of knowledge in palliative care, the quality of training and pedagogical strategies in residents. Methods. Observational study with self-completed information collection by electronic means. Results. A total of 228 residents participated, 7.8% mentioned a palliative care rotation and 66.6% mentioned having contact with palliative care specialists; 30.7% did not identify a clear pedagogical strategy; 29.3% had a high level of knowledge and 21.1% had adequate quality of training; 83.8% had a high level in the management of intestinal obstruction. There was no association between the level of knowledge and the variables evaluated (p>0.05). Conclusions. Neither the learning received nor the year of training had an effect on the perceived level of knowledge. Competencies in palliative care, its methods and the quality of learning are deficient at the postgraduate level in surgery in Colombia. It is probably on a hidden resume. It is necessary to implement pedagogical strategies in the study curricula of surgeon training programs.


Subject(s)
Humans , Palliative Care , General Surgery , Education, Medical, Graduate , Competency-Based Education , Palliative Medicine , Surgical Oncology
3.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 39(1): 38-50, 20240102. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1526800

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El currículo para la formación del cirujano general exige precisión, ajuste al contexto y factibilidad. En 2022, la World Society of Emergency Surgery formuló cinco declaraciones sobre el entrenamiento en cirugía digestiva mínimamente invasiva de emergencia que puede contribuir a estos propósitos. El objetivo del presente artículo fue examinar el alcance de estas declaraciones para la educación quirúrgica en Colombia. Métodos. Se analizó desde una posición crítica y reflexiva el alcance y limitaciones para Colombia de cada una de las declaraciones de la World Society of Emergency Surgery, con base en la evidencia empírica publicada durante las últimas dos décadas en revistas indexadas nacionales e internacionales. Resultados. La evidencia empírica producida en Colombia durante el presente siglo permite identificar que el país cuenta con fundamentos del currículo nacional en cirugía general, formulado por la División de Educación de la Asociación Colombiana de Cirugía en 2021; un sistema de acreditación de la educación superior; un modelo de aseguramiento universal en salud; infraestructura tecnológica y condiciones institucionales que pueden facilitar la adopción exitosa de dichas declaraciones para el entrenamiento de los futuros cirujanos en cirugía digestiva mínimamente invasiva de emergencia. No obstante, su implementación requiere esfuerzos mayores e inversión en materia de simulación quirúrgica, cooperación institucional y fortalecimiento del sistema de recertificación profesional. Conclusión. La educación quirúrgica colombiana está en capacidad de cumplir con las declaraciones de la World Society of Emergency Surgery en materia de entrenamiento en cirugía digestiva mínimamente invasiva de emergencia.


Introduction. The general surgeon training curriculum requires precision, contextual fit, and feasibility. In 2022, the World Society of Emergency Surgery formulated five statements on training in emergency minimally invasive digestive surgery, which can contribute to these purposes. This article examines the scope of these declarations for surgical education in Colombia. Methods. The scope and limitations for Colombia of each of the statements of the World Society of Emergency Surgery were analysed from a critical and reflective position, based on empirical evidence published during the last two decades in national and international indexed journals. Results. The empirical evidence produced in Colombia during this century allows us to identify that the country has the foundations of the national curriculum in general surgery, formulated by the Education Division of the Colombian Association of Surgery in 2021; a higher education accreditation system; a universal health insurance model; technological infrastructure, and institutional conditions that can facilitate the successful adoption of said statements for the training of future surgeons in emergency minimally invasive digestive surgery. However, its implementation requires greater efforts and investment in surgical simulation, institutional cooperation, and strengthening of the professional recertification system. Conclusion. Colombian surgical education is able to comply with the declarations of the World Society of Emergency Surgery regarding training in emergency minimally invasive digestive surgery.


Subject(s)
Humans , Education, Medical, Graduate , Emergency Medicine , General Surgery , Digestive System Surgical Procedures , Digestive System , Emergencies
4.
Edumecentro ; 162024.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1550229

ABSTRACT

Fundamento: en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Villa Clara se ha diseñado e implementado una estrategia metodológica para lograr mayor relación de la superación profesional con el cuadro de salud. Objetivo: exponer los resultados de la superación profesional en correspondencia con los principales problemas de salud en Villa Clara. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo con diseño transversal de la superación profesional vinculada al posgrado en el periodo 2017-2021. Se aplicaron métodos teóricos, empíricos y matemático-estadísticos; la información obtenida se presentó en tablas con valores absolutos y relativos. Resultados: del total de actividades planificadas, el 83,01 % respondieron a los problemas de salud de la provincia. Relacionado con las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles se efectuaron 542; tumores malignos, 179; Programa de Atención Materno Infantil, 1762; y Programa de Atención al Adulto Mayor, 198. Sobre otras enfermedades transmisibles, su mayor número estuvo en el 2019. En el 2020 predominaron las vinculadas a las arbovirosis y la pandemia de la COVID-19 cuando se capacitaron un total de 325 880 profesionales en el 2020 y 5839 en el 2021. Conclusiones: la superación posgraduada de los profesionales de la salud en Villa Clara se ha correspondido con los principales problemas de la salud del territorio en los años del 2017 al 2021 lo cual evidencia pertinencia y progreso en la continuidad de la formación académica del capital humano.


Background: at Villa Clara University of Medical Sciences, a methodological strategy has been designed and implemented to achieve a greater relationship between professional improvement and health status. Objective: to present the results of professional improvement in correspondence with the main health problems in Villa Clara. Methods: a descriptive study was carried out with a cross-sectional design of professional improvement linked to postgraduate studies from 2017 to 2021. Theoretical, empirical and mathematical-statistical methods were applied; the information obtained was presented in tables with absolute and relative values. Results: out of the whole activities, 83.01% responded to the health problems of the province. Related to chronic non-transmissible diseases, 542 were carried out; malignant tumors, 179; Maternal and Child Care Program, 1762; and the Elderly Care Program, 198. Regarding other transmissible diseases, the highest number was in 2019. In 2020, those linked to arboviruses and the COVID-19 pandemic predominated when a total of 325,880 professionals were trained in 2020 and 5839 in 2021. Conclusions: the postgraduate improvement of health professionals in Villa Clara has corresponded to the main health problems of the territory in the years from 2017 to 2021, which shows relevance and progress in the continuity of the academic training of human capital.


Subject(s)
Education, Medical, Graduate , Problem-Based Learning , Education, Medical , Training Courses
5.
Rev. méd. Minas Gerais ; 33Jan.-Dez. 2023.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1551604

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: Os programas de iniciação científica e pós-graduação são um instrumento essencial na formação de recursos humanos e na perpetuação da produção científica nacional. O papel dos professores pesquisadores no adequado desenvolvimento científico dos estudantes de graduação e pós-graduação tem sido continuamente reafirmado em diversas pesquisas sobre a qualidade do ensino superior brasileiro, apesar da contínua desvalorização das universidades públicas no país. Avaliar a carreira e o perfil dos bolsistas de produtividade em pesquisa pode fornecer elementos em relação ao impacto desses profissionais no ensino, na pesquisa e na internacionalização das universidades. OBJETIVO: Caracterizar o perfil profissional e a produção científica dos bolsistas do Programa de Produtividade em Pesquisa da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo baseado na análise de dados públicos disponíveis na Plataforma Lattes. Os bolsistas de produtividade em pesquisa foram apurados com base nos resultados dos editais de 2013, 2016 e 2019. RESULTADOS: A análise das variáveis evidenciou diminuição do número de docentes bolsistas da instituição, que passou de 34 para 29. Observamos um número significativamente maior de projetos financiados por profissionais do sexo masculino quando comparados às pesquisadoras (p=0,03) e uma forte correlação entre os anos de doutorado e o número de doutores orientados que atualmente se dedicam à pesquisa. CONCLUSÃO: Professores pesquisadores exercem impacto direto na formação de recursos humanos qualificados e na formação de recursos humanos qualificados e na internacionalização das universidades públicas.


INTRODUCTION: Mentoring through scientific initiation and post-graduate programs are an essential instrument on the formation of human resources and the perpetuation of national scientific production. The role of research professors in the proper scientific development of graduate and post-graduate medical students has been continuously reaffirmed in several surveys on the quality of Brazilian superior education, despite the continuous desvalorization of higher education in the country. Determine the career and profile of research productivity fellows could measure the impact of these professionals in teaching, researching and internationalization of our university. OBJECTIVE: To characterize the professional profile and scientific production of the Productivity in Research Program fellows from the Faculty of Medicine of the Federal University of Minas Gerais. METHODS: This descriptive study is based on the analysis of public data available at Lattes Platform. Research productivity fellows were determined based on the results of the 2013, 2016 and 2019 calls for tenders. RESULTS: Analysis of the variables showed a decrease in the number of professors with scholarships at the institution, which went from 34 to 29. We observed a significantly higher number of funded projects of male professionals when compared to female researchers (p=0.03) and a strong correlation between years of doctorate degree and the number of mentored doctors currently dedicating to research. CONCLUSION: Experient research professors exert direct impact on the formation of qualified human resources and the internationalization of the federal university.


Subject(s)
Scientific Research and Technological Development , Research and Development Projects , Education, Medical, Graduate/statistics & numerical data , Health Research Evaluation
6.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 38(4): 697-703, 20230906. fig, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1511121

ABSTRACT

Introduction. Extended focused assessment with sonography for trauma (E-FAST) can be performed with minimal training and achieve ideal results. It allows easy transport and use in austere environments such as the Colombian Caribbean, where many centers do not have 24-hour radiology services. The objective of this study was to determine the performance of the use of E-FAST in the evaluation of trauma by second-year general surgery residents in the emergency department. Methods. Retrospective observational study that evaluated the diagnostic performance of E-FAST with Butterfly IQ, in patients with thoracoabdominal trauma, who attended a referral center in the Colombian Caribbean between November 2021 and July 2022. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were evaluated, compared with intraoperative findings or conventional imaging. Results. A total of 46 patients were included, with a mean age of 31.2 ± 13.8 years, 87.4% (n=39) were male. The main mechanism of trauma was penetrating (n=32; 69.5%). It was found that 80.4% (n=37) of the patients had a positive E-FAST result, and of these, 97% (n=35) had a positive intraoperative finding. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 92.1%, 75%, 94.6%, and 66.6%, respectively. The positive likelihood ratio was 3.68, while the negative likelihood ratio was 0.10. Conclusion. General surgery residents have the competence to perform accurate E-FAST scans. The hand-held ultrasound device is an effective diagnostic tool for trauma and acute care surgery patients.


Introducción. La evaluación enfocada extendida con ecografía en trauma (E-FAST, extended focused assessment with sonography for trauma) puede realizarse con entrenamiento mínimo y lograr resultados ideales. Su fácil transporte permite usarla en entornos austeros, como el Caribe colombiano, donde muchos centros no disponen de servicio radiológico las 24 horas. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el rendimiento del uso de E-FAST por residentes de cirugía general de segundo año en la evaluación del paciente con trauma en urgencias. Métodos. Estudio observacional retrospectivo que evaluó el rendimiento diagnóstico de E-FAST con Butterfly IQ, en pacientes con trauma toracoabdominal que acudieron a un centro de referencia del Caribe colombiano, entre noviembre de 2021 y julio de 2022. Se evaluaron sensibilidad, especificidad, valores predictivos positivo y negativo, comparando la descripción de la ecografía con los hallazgos intraoperatorios o imagenología convencional. Resultados. Se incluyeron un total de 46 pacientes, con una media de edad de 31,2 ± 13,8 años, siendo el 87,4 % (n=39) hombres. El principal mecanismo de trauma fue penetrante (n=32; 69,5 %). Se encontró que el 80,4 % (n=37) de los pacientes tuvo resultado E-FAST positivo, y que, de estos, el 97 % (n=35) tuvo un hallazgo positivo intraoperatorio. Se calculó una sensibilidad de 92,1 %, especificidad de 75 %, valor predictivo positivo de 94,6 % y negativo de 66,6 %; la razón de verosimilitud positiva fue de 3,68 y la negativa de 0,10. Conclusión. Los residentes de cirugía general están capacitados para realizar exploraciones E-FAST precisas. El ecógrafo portátil es una herramienta de diagnóstico eficaz para pacientes traumatizados.


Subject(s)
Humans , Ultrasonography , Computers, Handheld , Emergency Medicine , Wounds and Injuries , Economics, Hospital , Education, Medical, Graduate
7.
Educ. med. super ; 37(1)mar. 2023. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1440014

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La bioestadística en las investigaciones científicas constituye el curso ocho de la maestría de genética médica. La experiencia empírica alcanzada demuestra que los cursistas no logran las competencias y habilidades necesarias para adquirir soberanía estadística y enfrentar los desafíos investigativos de la especialidad. Objetivo: Exponer la efectividad de una estrategia didáctica basada en métodos activos para la enseñanza de la Bioestadística en las investigaciones científicas en la maestría de genética médica en la edición del período lectivo 2022-2023. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental de estrategia longitudinal de mediciones antes-después. Se aplicó un cuestionario validado por un comité de expertos a 19 maestrandos que consintieron en participar en la investigación. La estrategia docente se basó en la enseñanza por proyectos, y aplicó un paquete estadístico, cuyo programa analítico se contextualizó a los intereses y móviles profesionales. Resultados: El 52,6 por ciento de los maestrandos emplearon los métodos estadísticos; el 57,9 por ciento, las estadísticas descriptivas; y una minoría (21,1 por ciento), la estadística inferencial. El 26,3 por ciento de los casos utilizaron un paquete estadístico y un porcentaje aún más bajo (15,8 por ciento) poseyó autonomía en los análisis estadísticos. Al inicio del curso predominó en la totalidad de los ítems el nivel bajo de conocimientos; y, después de la intervención, el nivel alto y moderado. Conclusiones: Se demostró la efectividad de la estrategia didáctica empleada para la enseñanza de la Bioestadística en las investigaciones científicas en la maestría de genética médica en la edición desarrollada durante el curso 2022-2023(AU)


Introduction: Biostatistics in scientific research is course number eight within the master's degree program in medical genetics. The current empirical experience shows that the students do not achieve the necessary competences and skills to acquire statistical sovereignty or face the research challenges of the specialty. Objective: To expose the effectiveness of a didactic strategy based on active methods for teaching biostatistics in scientific research within the master's degree program in medical genetics during the 2022-2023 academic year. Methods: A quasiexperimental study with a longitudinal strategy of before-after measurements was carried out. A questionnaire validated by an expert committee was applied to nineteen master's degree students who consented to participate in the research. The teaching strategy used a project-based dynamics and applied a statistical package, whose analytical program was contextualized according to professional interests and motivations. Results: 52.6 percent of the students used statistical methods, 57.9 percent used descriptive statistics, and a minority (21.1 percent) used inferential statistics. A statistical package was used in 26.3 percent of the cases and an even lower percentage (15.8 percent ) had some statistical analysis autonomy. At the beginning of the course, the low level of knowledge predominated for all items; after the intervention, the high and moderate levels predominated. Conclusions: This research showed the effectiveness of the didactic strategy used for the teaching of biostatistics in scientific research as part of the master's degree program in medical genetics for the edition developed during the 2022-2023 academic year (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Research/education , Teaching/education , Effectiveness , Education, Medical, Graduate , Genetics, Medical/education , Universities , Surveys and Questionnaires , Training Courses
8.
Educ. med. super ; 37(1)mar. 2023. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1440011

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Para una práctica transfusional segura se requiere una formación en medicina transfusional. Objetivo: Determinar la manera en que se integran los contenidos y las habilidades de medicina transfusional en la formación y la especialización médica en Cuba. Métodos: Se hizo un estudio educacional, analítico, de corte transversal en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Camagüey, desde marzo de 2020 hasta julio de 2021. Se realizó un análisis documental para precisar cómo se integraban los contenidos y las habilidades de medicina transfusional al currículo para la formación de médicos, a los programas de estudio del internado vertical en 26 especialidades médicas, y a 29 planes de estudio y programas de especialización en Cuba. Resultados: El currículo para la formación de médicos en Cuba no incluye medicina transfusional. La asignatura que más contribuye a la formación en esta área del saber es Sangre y Sistema inmune. Los contenidos y las habilidades de medicina transfusional solo se incluyen expresamente en nueve programas de estudio del internado vertical y en 12 planes de estudio y programas de especialización. Conclusiones: Existe una insuficiente integración de los contenidos y las habilidades de medicina transfusional en el currículo de la carrera de medicina en Cuba, situación que se manifiesta también en los programas de estudios de los internados verticales y en la mayoría de los programas de las especialidades médicas.


Introduction: Safe transfusion practice requires training in transfusion medicine. Objective: To determine the way in which transfusion medicine contents and skills are integrated into medical training and specialization in Cuba. Methods: An educational, analytical and cross-sectional study was carried out at Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Camagüey, from March 2020 to July 2021. A documentary analysis was conducted to determine how transfusion medicine contents and skills were integrated into the curriculum for the training of physicians, into the study programs of the vertical internship in 26 medical specialties, as well as into 29 study plans and specialization programs in Cuba. Results: The curriculum for the training of physicians in Cuba does not include transfusion medicine. The subject that most contributes to training in this area of knowledge is Blood and Immune System. Transfusion medicine contents and skills are only expressly included in nine vertical internship study programs and in twelve study plans and specialization programs. Conclusions: There is insufficient integration of transfusion medicine contents and skills in the Cuban medical major curriculum, a situation that is also manifested in the study programs of vertical internships and in most of the medical specialties programs.


Subject(s)
Humans , Curriculum , Professional Training , Cross-Sectional Studies , Education, Medical , Education, Medical, Graduate , Health Postgraduate Programs , Medicine
10.
Edumecentro ; 152023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1440054

ABSTRACT

Fundamento: los resultados científicos son los aportes que constituyen productos de la actividad investigativa en la cual se han utilizado procedimientos y métodos científicos; que permiten dar solución a problemas de la práctica o de la teoría. Objetivo: expresar los fundamentos que sustentan de forma teórica y práctica la estrategia de superación profesional para la atención médica integral a la salud del trabajador, en los consultorios médicos de familia del municipio de Santa Clara. Métodos: se realizó un estudio con enfoque cualitativo a partir del diseño de una investigación, de tipo cuasiexperimento en el municipio de Santa Clara, provincia de Villa Clara, en el período comprendido enero-mayo 2019. La información se obtuvo mediante el uso de los siguientes métodos del nivel teórico: analítico-sintético, inductivo-deductivo, histórico-lógico y como empírico: guía para el análisis documental. Resultados: en la conformación de la estructura de la estrategia de superación profesional para la atención médica integral a la salud del trabajador se establecieron un grupo de fundamentos: filosóficos, sociológicos, psicológicos, pedagógicos y de las ciencias de la educación médica, los cuales les ofrecieron un carácter científico, coherencia y organización al producto diseñado. Conclusiones: los fundamentos que sustentan la mencionada estrategia como resultado científico se convirtieron en la base para su estructuración, y aportaron tanto en la teoría como en la práctica, un grupo de regularidades que enriquecen, de forma general, las ciencias de la educación médica.


Background: the scientific results are the contributions that constitute products of the researching activity in which scientific procedures and methods have been used; that allow to solve problems of practice or theory. Objective: to express the fundamentals that theoretically and practically support the professional improvement strategy for comprehensive medical care for worker's health, in family medical offices in the municipality of Santa Clara. Methods: a study with a qualitative approach was carried out based on the design of a quasi-experimental investigation in the municipality of Santa Clara, Villa Clara province, from January to May 2019. The information was obtained through the use of the following theoretical level methods: analytical-synthetic, inductive-deductive, historical-logical and empirical ones: guide for documentary analysis. Results: in the conformation of the structure of the strategy of professional improvement for the comprehensive medical attention to health workers, a group of foundations were established: philosophical, sociological, psychological, pedagogical and of the sciences of medical education, which they offered a scientific character, coherence and organization to the designed product. Conclusions: the foundations that support the aforementioned strategy as a scientific result became the basis for its structuring, and contributed, both in theory and in practice, a group of regularities that enrich, in a general way, the sciences of medical education.


Subject(s)
Health Strategies , Education, Medical , Education, Medical, Graduate , Health Promotion , Quality of Life
11.
Edumecentro ; 152023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1520827

ABSTRACT

Fundamento: las arbovirosis son enfermedades víricas transmitidas por mosquitos, las que han propagado rápidamente en todas las regiones del mundo en los últimos años, con alta incidencia en la salud de las personas y en la economía de los países. Objetivo: identificar el nivel de conocimientos de los residentes de Medicina General Integral del municipio Abreus, sobre la prevención y control de las arbovirosis. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal, en la Dirección Municipal de Salud Abreus, en octubre de 2021. Se utilizaron métodos teóricos y empíricos para fundamentar la investigación, y estadísticos para el análisis de los datos encontrados. Resultados: la mayoría de los residentes manifestaron que han tenido preparación sobre la prevención y control de las arbovirosis, fundamentalmente, durante la educación en el trabajo, todos han adquirido experiencia previa en la pesquisa activa, y algunos señalaron haber atendido a enfermos; sin embargo, la mayoría presentaron dificultades para identificar las formas clínicas y el cuadro clínico de las arbovirosis. Conclusiones: se identificó el nivel de conocimientos alcanzados por los residentes de Medicina General Integral del municipio Abreus, sobre la prevención y control de las arbovirosis, el diagnóstico realizado mostró la necesidad de asumir nuevas metodologías en la educación en el trabajo a fin de lograr correctos modos de actuación y actualización sobre su prevención y control.


Background: arboviruses are viral diseases transmitted by mosquitoes, which have spread rapidly in all regions of the world in recent years, with a high impact on people's health and the economies of countries. Objective: to identify the level of knowledge of Comprehensive General Medicine residents from the Abreus municipality, about the prevention and control of arboviruses. Methods: an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out at the Abreus Municipal Health Directorate, in October 2021. Theoretical and empirical methods were used to support the research, and statistical methods were used to analyze the data found. Results: most residents stated that they have had training on the prevention and control of arboviruses, mainly, during on-the-job education, all have acquired previous experience in active search, and some of them indicated had taken care for sick people; however, most of them had difficulties in identifying the clinical forms and clinical profile of arboviruses. Conclusions: the level of knowledge achieved by Comprehensive General Medicine residents from Abreus municipality was identified, regarding the prevention and control of arboviruses, the diagnosis made by them showed the need to conceive new methodologies in education at work in order to achieve adequate modes of action and updating their knowledge about the prevention and control of it.


Subject(s)
Arbovirus Infections , Education, Medical , Education, Medical, Graduate
12.
Gac. méd. espirit ; 24(3): [13], dic. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1440152

ABSTRACT

Fundamento: No se conoce cómo aceptan los residentes de Histología la inclusión de un sistema de videoconferencias sobre la estructura microscópica del cuerpo humano en su estrategia de autoaprendizaje. Objetivo: Explorar en profundidad la experiencia de los residentes de Histología de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Sancti Spíritus que utilizaron un sistema de videoconferencias para su formación profesional. Metodología: Estudio cualitativo en el que se realizó una entrevista a profundidad con los especialistas y residentes de Histología que han utilizado el sistema de videoconferencias en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Sancti Spíritus. Se transcribieron las entrevistas, se codificaron y se seleccionaron los principales temas abordados. Resultados: Se entrevistaron 5 usuarios del sistema de videoconferencias; de la entrevista surgieron 5 temas: 1) Como los residentes insertan las videoconferencias en su estrategia de autoaprendizaje, 2) Preferencia de las videoconferencias sobre los libros de texto, 3) Aciertos y desaciertos de las videoconferencias, 4) ¿Qué aportan las videoconferencias a la formación del residente, ventajas y desventajas? y 5) Sugerencias para mejorar las videoconferencias. Conclusiones: Un sistema de videoconferencias sobre la estructura microscópica del cuerpo humano puede ocupar un papel protagónico en la estrategia de aprendizaje de residentes de Histología. La preferencia que muestran los residentes por las videoconferencias sobre otros medios didácticos puede estar asociada a la capacidad de la multimedia para disminuir la carga cognitiva y facilitar el aprendizaje cuando se siguen los principios de Mayer al elaborar estos medios. La presencia de imágenes digitales en estas videoconferencias fue clave para su aceptación.


Background: It is not known how Histology residents accept the inclusion of a videoconferencing system on the microscopic structure of the human body in their self-learning strategy. Objective: To explore to depth the experience of Histology residents at the Sancti Spíritus University of Medical Sciences who used a videoconferencing system for their professional training. Methodology: Qualitative study with in-depth interview was conducted with Histology specialists and residents who have used the videoconferencing system at the Sancti Spíritus University of Medical Sciences. The interviews were transcribed, coded and the main topics addressed were selected. Results: 5 users of the videoconferencing system were interviewed; 5 themes emerged from the interview: 1) How residents insert videoconferences into their self-learning strategy, 2) Preference for videoconferences over textbooks, 3) Successes and failures of videoconferences, 4) What do videoconferences contribute to the training of the resident, advantages and disadvantages?, 5) Suggestions to improve videoconferences. Conclusions: A videoconferencing system on the microscopic structure of the human body can play a leading role in the learning strategy of Histology residents. The preference shown by residents for videoconferencing over other teaching media may be associated with the ability of multimedia to reduce cognitive load and facilitate learning when Mayer's principles are followed to developing these media. The presence of digital images in these videoconferences was essential to their acceptance.


Subject(s)
Universities , Video Recording/methods , Videoconferencing , Education, Medical , Education, Medical, Graduate/methods , Histology/education
13.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 38(1): 30-36, 20221230. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1415228

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El síndrome de desgaste profesional incluye un estado de agotamiento físico y mental relacionado con las actividades del trabajo. El personal en formación de residencias médicas puede experimentar una salud mental y un rendimiento laboral adverso, con una alta prevalencia del síndrome. El objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar los resultados publicados del desgaste profesional en residentes de cirugía con los obtenidos en el presente estudio. Métodos. Se hizo una encuesta anónima en línea a los residentes de los veinte programas de Cirugía general en Colombia, entre junio y julio del 2020. El desgaste profesional se evaluó con el cuestionario de Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services Survey (MBI). Se calcularon las puntuaciones para las subescalas de agotamiento emocional, despersonalización y realización personal, así como la frecuencia del síndrome según las variables demográficas. Resultados. Participaron 302 residentes en el estudio; el 20,2 % presentaron síndrome de desgaste profesional, 43,7 % agotamiento emocional, 23,2 % despersonalización y 45 % baja realización personal. Al comparar el grupo con desgaste frente al grupo sin desgaste, no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en las variables demográficas. Conclusiones. Aunque el porcentaje de síndrome de desgaste profesional entre los residentes de Cirugía general en Colombia fue menor al encontrado en otros estudios, es preocupante. Dado su posible impacto en la práctica médica y los resultados en el paciente, es necesario continuar describiendo la aparición del síndrome en el personal en formación, comprender el desarrollo del mismo y, de esta forma, crear intervenciones específicas para controlarlo


Introduction. Burnout syndrome includes a state of physical and mental exhaustion related to work activities. Medical residency trainees, especially surgical specialties, may experience adverse mental health and job performance, with a high prevalence of the syndrome. This work aims to compare the published results of the national and international prevalence of professional burnout in surgical residents, with those obtained in the present study. Methods. A national survey about burnout was carried out in general surgery residents in the twenty active general surgery programs in Colombia, during the period from June to July 2020 through an anonymous online survey. Burnout was assessed with the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI) questionnaire. Total scores were calculated for the emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment subscales, as well as the frequency of the syndrome according to demographic variables. Results. 302 residents participated in the study; 20.2% presented BS, 43.7% presented emotional exhaustion, 23.2% depersonalization and 45% low personal fulfillment. When comparing the group with attrition versus the group without attrition, no statistically significant differences were found in any of the demographic variables. Conclusions. The percentage of burnout among general surgery residents, although lower than that found in other national or international studies, is worrisome. Given the possible impact of this on medical practice and patient outcomes, it is necessary to continue describing the appearance of the syndrome in trainees, understand its development and thus create specific interventions to control it


Subject(s)
Humans , Burnout, Professional , Education, Medical , General Surgery , Education, Medical, Graduate , Internship and Residency
14.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 150(11): 1477-1483, nov. 2022. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1442058

ABSTRACT

The mission of the University of Chile Clinical Hospital is to be the main University Hospital in the country. Along with training of health professionals in clinical practice and research, the Hospital provides comprehensive health solutions to the community. Since its foundation, it played an important role in the training of health professionals and specialists. To fulfill this mission, it is important to have outstanding academics and a system that allows their renewal and replacement. From January 25, 2001, the University of Chile approved the regulations that rule the Residents Program Fellowship, aimed to train the new generations of clinical academics. These regulations allow the financing of training programs in basic or primary specialties (such as internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, among others) or in specialties derived from them (such as cardiology, gastroenterology and reproductive medicine, among others.) The different clinical departments and the Hospital Direction define each year how many places will be offered and in which specialties. The Faculty of Medicine Graduate School carries out the formal selection of the applicants. This article reviews the results of this program between 2013 and 2021, analyzing in detail the traceability of each graduate over the years.


Subject(s)
Humans , Education, Medical, Graduate/economics , Fellowships and Scholarships , Hospitals, University , Internship and Residency/economics , Program Evaluation , Chile
15.
Rev. med. Chile ; 150(8): 1060-1062, ago. 2022. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1431875

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 impacted all areas of our society, and we took advantage of new technologies such as telemedicine to deliver information. Peer education is another tool that can be used. AIM: To report the experience of peer education among residents using a digital platform. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A digital educational program was devised in which third year residents exposed different relevant topics in internal medicine to their first year peers using Zoom. The educational process was evaluated using a Likert scale. RESULTS: A high level of satisfaction was found among the respondents according to the scale. Conclusions: There was a high level of satisfaction with the used methodology among first-year residents. A more exhaustive evaluation of this educational program should be worthwhile.


Subject(s)
Humans , COVID-19 , Internship and Residency , Education, Medical, Graduate , Internal Medicine
18.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 37(3): 393-400, junio 14, 2022. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1378693

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El trauma cervical penetrante es una entidad poco frecuente, con tendencia al alza, de considerable morbimortalidad. Es fundamental conocer su manejo por cirujanos en entrenamiento, quienes en su mayoría son comúnmente los proveedores del tratamiento en las áreas de urgencias. El objetivo de este estudio fue demostrar la experiencia de un centro de trauma en México en el tratamiento de trauma cervical penetrante administrado por cirujanos en entrenamiento. Métodos. Estudio retrospectivo de pacientes con diagnóstico de trauma cervical penetrante sometidos a exploración cervical entre los años 2014 y 2019. Se identificaron 110 expedientes, se excluyeron 26 por falta de datos indispensables para la investigación y se analizaron los datos de 84 pacientes. Resultados. El 96,4 % de los pacientes fueron hombres, la mayoría entre 16 y 50 años (83,3 %) y la zona anatómica II fue la más comúnmente lesionada (65,4 %). Las etiologías más frecuentes fueron heridas por arma cortopunzante (67,9 %) y heridas por proyectil de arma de fuego (25 %). El 95 % de los procedimientos fueron realizados por residentes de cuarto y quinto año. La mediana de días de estancia hospitalaria fue de 2 días. La incidencia de complicaciones fue de 9,5 % y la mortalidad de 1,2 %. Conclusiones. Los cirujanos generales en etapa de formación entrenados en centros de trauma tienen la capacidad de tratar de forma óptima el trauma cervical penetrante sin modificación de las tasas de morbimortalidad descritas en la literatura internacional.


Introduction. Penetrating cervical trauma is a rare entity, with an upward trend, of considerable morbidity and mortality. It is essential to acknowledge its management by surgeons in training, who are usually the providers in the emergency areas. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the experience of a trauma center in Mexico in the treatment of penetrating cervical trauma by surgeons in training. Methods. This was a retrospective study of patients diagnosed with penetrating cervical trauma who underwent cervical examination between 2014 and 2019; 110 records were identified, 26 were excluded due to lack of essential data for the analysis, and the data of 84 patients were included. Results. 96.4% of the patients were men, the majority between 16 and 50 years old (83.3%) and the anatomic zone II was the most frequently injured (65.4%). The most common etiologies were stab wounds (67.9%) and gunshot wounds (25%). Ninety five percent of the procedures were performed by fourth- and fifth-year residents. The median number of days of hospital stay was 2 (2-4) days. The incidence of complications was 9.5% and mortality in 1.2%. Conclusions. General surgeons in the trauma training stage can optimally treat penetrating cervical trauma with the same morbidity and mortality rates described in the international literature.


Subject(s)
Humans , General Surgery , Trauma Centers , Wounds and Injuries , Surgical Procedures, Operative , Mortality , Education, Medical, Graduate , Neck
20.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 150(1): 107-114, ene. 2022. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1389608

ABSTRACT

Background: The incorporation of integrative medicine as a holistic approach increased in medical education. However, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) formal teaching in psychiatry residency programs is limited. Aim: To assess the incorporation of CAM education in different Chilean psychiatry programs and to determine the knowledge and attitudes toward this issue. Material and Methods: An online survey was sent to 80 academic staff from five psychiatry programs. Forty-nine participants answered the survey (61%). Some of the questionnaire topics were the inclusion of CAM content in the program, types of CAM included, and motivation and strategies for the CAM content incorporation in their training curriculum. Results: Most respondents answered that there is no formal CAM content in their program's curriculum. The main topics to incorporate CAM in a psychiatry residency are sleep hygiene, stress management, and motivational interviewing. The lack of knowledge, time constraints, and the limited resources are major barriers to include CAM in their curriculums. Conclusions: Our results suggest that many academic staff of Chilean psychiatry training programs are aware of the importance of having CAM content in their curriculum. However, some barriers hinder their incorporation and implementation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Psychiatry , Complementary Therapies/education , Internship and Residency , Surveys and Questionnaires , Curriculum , Education, Medical, Graduate
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